%0 Journal Article
%@ 0963-0252
%A Endre, J Szili
%A Jun-Seok, Oh
%A Fukuhara, Hideo
%A Rishab, Bhatia
%A Nishtha, Gaur
%A Nguyen, Kien Cuong
%A Sung-Ha, Hong
%A Ito, Satsuki
%A Ogawa, Kotaro
%A Kawada, Chiaki
%A Taro, Shuin
%A Masayuki, Tsuda
%A Furihata, Matsuo
%A Kurabayashi, Atsushi
%A Hiroshi, Furuta
%A Ito, Masafumi
%A Keiji, Inoue
%A Akimitsu, Hatta
%A Robert D, Short
%A Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia,
%A Department of Electronic & Photonic Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan,
%A Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan,
%A Faculty of Engineering Physics & Nanotechnology, Vietnam National University, 144 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam,
%A Division of Laboratory Animal Science section of Life and Functional Materials, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan,
%A Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan,
%A Materials Science Institute and Department of Chemistry, The University of Lancaster, City of Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom,
%D 2018
%F SisLab:2885
%I IOP Science
%J Plasma Sources Science and Technology
%N 1
%P 014001-0140016
%T Modelling the helium plasma jet delivery of   reactive species into a 3D cancer tumour
%U https://eprints.uet.vnu.edu.vn/eprints/id/eprint/2885/
%V 27
%X Cold atmospheric plasmas have attracted significant worldwide attention for their potential beneficial effects in cancer therapy. In order to further improve the effectiveness of plasma in cancer therapy, it is important to understand the generation and transport of plasma reactive species into tissue fluids, tissues and cells, and moreover the rates and depths of delivery,  particularly across physical barriers such as skin. In this study, helium (He) plasma jet treatmentof a 3D cancer tumour, grown on the back of a live mouse, induced apoptosis within the tumour to a depth of 2.8 mm. The He plasma jet was shown to deliver reactive oxygen species through the unbroken skin barrier before penetrating through the entire depth of the tumour. The depth  and rate of transport of He plasma jet generated H2O2, NO3− and NO2−, as well as aqueous oxygen [O2(aq)], was then tracked in an agarose tissue model. This provided an approximation of the H2O2, NO3−, NO2− and O2(aq) concentrations that might have been generated during the  He plasma jet treatment of the 3D tumour. It is proposed that the He plasma jet can induce apoptosis within a tumour by the ‘deep’ delivery of H2O2, NO3− and NO2− coupled with O2(aq); the latter raising oxygen tension in hypoxic tissue.    Keywords: tissue oxygenation, tissue model, plasma jet, hypoxia, hyperbaric medicine, reactive  oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), cancer therapy